Transport node

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'''Russian: [http://ru.scm.gsom.spbu.ru/Транспортная_система Транспортная система]'''
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Transport node is a complex of devices in the area for the functioning and interaction of several types of backbones that serve transit, local and freight and passenger city traffic and a set of transport processes.  
Transport node is a complex of devices in the area for the functioning and interaction of several types of backbones that serve transit, local and freight and passenger city traffic and a set of transport processes.  
Thus, the concept of node includes the process of transportation (the movement of passengers and cargo), technical devices (stations, ports, highways, warehouses, etc.) as well as a means of control and management.
Thus, the concept of node includes the process of transportation (the movement of passengers and cargo), technical devices (stations, ports, highways, warehouses, etc.) as well as a means of control and management.
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Transport nodes are at the forefront in organizing multimodal transport and improving the interaction between different modes of transport.
Transport nodes are at the forefront in organizing multimodal transport and improving the interaction between different modes of transport.
Transport nodes could be at global, federal and regional levels (local traffic).
Transport nodes could be at global, federal and regional levels (local traffic).
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==References==
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[[Category:Transportation]]

Revision as of 15:52, 14 December 2012

Russian: Транспортная система

Transport node is a complex of devices in the area for the functioning and interaction of several types of backbones that serve transit, local and freight and passenger city traffic and a set of transport processes. Thus, the concept of node includes the process of transportation (the movement of passengers and cargo), technical devices (stations, ports, highways, warehouses, etc.) as well as a means of control and management.

The transport node has an individual plan's structure and has a great influence on the development of the city. The complexity of the transport node is determined by the number and terms of service of its elements (stations, ports, warehouses, intersections, etc.), sizes of operated traffic flow, technological links between the elements and the degree of their interaction. The transport node is characterized by several pecularities: organization of uninterrupted work of all modes of transport, which is a timely and complete satisfaction of the needs of the economy and population in-transit node in the complexity of the on-going processes (the interaction of different modes of transport, sorting, loading and unloading of cargo, passenger service), the possibility of dividing the site into a large number of interrelated and interacting subsystems and components whose operation is subject to a common goal (e.g., the relationship: transport hub - a system of settlement, transportation hub - the environment), hierarchical relationships of individual node subsystems functioning and quality criteria, the presence of the control system, providing intensive use of technical equipment, capacity and implementation of traffic with minimal cost, resistance to vibration of traffic and other parameters. In addition to the railway junction, airports, roads bus stations, sea or river port transport node includes facilities of industrial transport, pipeline transport network and a network of urban mass transportation. The boundaries of the node are the points of merging or splitting appropriate to the site of lines (railway lines and roads). Points in the node are passenger stations with the mass transfer of passengers and freight stations, with transfer of cargo from one mode to another. The system of a transport node consists of subsystems and components. Subsystem of a transport node is a part of the system, with a set of elements with the subordination of the functioning to a single goal (for example, rail transport subsystem). The parameters of the transport node: - the number of interacting modes in the node; - the number of the same type lines (the sequence of manufacturing operations), implemented by separate subsystems: maintenance of transit passenger and freight traffic, passenger service, transplanted in a single mode of transport, delivery of goods from warehouses (shops) manufacturers directly to stores (shops) of consumers, to repair, sludge and control the technical condition of rolling stock; - The number of subsystems implemented various transport node of the same type of production lines: passenger service for the transfer from one mode to another, to deliver goods to transhipment between different transport modes, interacting in a node. Parameters node elements are: processing and capacity and power of his gridiron. For the parameters of the incoming and outgoing traffic from the site include: their absolute magnitude, temporal (diurnal, month’s, seasonal, etc.) and spatial non-uniformity and intensity of flows; distribution function of the interval between the time of admission of two transport units, the system of priorities for admission and departure of vehicles, the regularity of traffic flow, etc. In the transport node is provided: the need for bandwidth and processing capacity of transportation facilities and communications for each mode of transport for the site as a whole, a rational distribution of the volumes of freight and passenger traffic between the various modes of transport, the optimal placement of the main devices of different types of transport and rational organization of the transfer between them cargo and passengers at the lowest cost of funds and the greatest conveniences for passengers, ensuring a reliable and convenient communication with the various modes of transport industries and urban areas; co devices of all types of transport during construction and operation, organization of work on the combined contact and schedule a single technological process, based on the interaction of available modes of transport in the node. The development of all kinds of devices interconnected node and must be addressed comprehensively, taking into account the efficient use of vehicles, the introduction of modern technology and application of advanced methods of operation of transport facilities. For major transportation nodes master plans are developed for the future period of 20 - 30 years. Transport nodes can be divided into two groups: 1) formed transport nodes that can meet the needs of production and people with limited capital investment and limited building programs; 2) nodes that are in the stage of forming. Transport nodes are at the forefront in organizing multimodal transport and improving the interaction between different modes of transport. Transport nodes could be at global, federal and regional levels (local traffic).

References

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