Railway Dry Port

From Supply Chain Management Encyclopedia

(Difference between revisions)
Jump to: navigation, search
Line 1: Line 1:
'''Russian: [http://ru.scm.gsom.spbu.ru/Железнодорожный_сухой_порт Железнодорожный сухой порт]'''
'''Russian: [http://ru.scm.gsom.spbu.ru/Железнодорожный_сухой_порт Железнодорожный сухой порт]'''
 +
==Terminology==
 +
The "dry port" - terminal located outside the boundaries of the port area, the associated uniform technology handling;
 +
"Dry Port" offers services to deliver goods to the ship / port to the destination without going through the stage of "port" as a separate stage of the carriage;
 +
Typically, specialty dry port - container cargo.
-
'''Railway Dry Port'''
+
The UN Economic Commission for Europe [1] defines the rear of temporary storage, which is synonymous with the term rear terminal. Rear temporary storage - is any complex of buildings public, which does not fit the definition of a port or airport, but the state has a certain status, and a set of stationary equipment to provide the service for handling and temporary storage of cargo (including containers), which are delivered by customs control in its territory appropriate modes of inland surface transport to perform the services (storage, customs clearance, temporary admission, re-export, temporary storage for domestic transit and export), controlled by the competent customs agencies. According to [2], the rear terminal is characterized by development of a railway approach and a range of services that are provided to the customer at the same level as in the seaport.
 +
The first use of the term "dry" port in the context of intermodal transport has appeared in scientific journals in 1986 [3] and industry journals on transport in 1980. [4] It took almost 20 years to interest in the subject was revived, not only among researchers, but also politicians who are actively seeking solutions to reduce the environmental impact of the growing containerization. [5]
 +
 +
==Why to create "dry ports"?==
 +
 +
Feasibility of establishing a modern intermodal terminals, or "dry" ports brings increased reliability continental access to seaports, creating an environment of interacting participants in the transport chain, and society in general. The problem of intermodal terminals has been studied by many researchers, who operated on different definitions during its consideration. So, Tsamboulas and Dimitropulos [6], as well as Höltgen [7] used in their work the term "anchor cargo terminal." However, whatever the lexical variation to identify intermodal terminals are not used (Germany - "Gueterverkehrszentren", France - "plateformes multimodales logistiques", England - "freight villages", Italy - "interporti") describes the concept was similar. These terminals provide a transfer from one mode of transport to another and incorporate warehouses, customs structures, repair shops, insurance offices. Depending on the set of services in the transport sector intermodal terminals are used under different names. In [8] in order to eliminate congestion at marine terminals is considering creating a "satellite" terminal for the storage of containers. In [9], the author of the study of intermodal terminals in Europe, sought to fulfill their classification and to give a universal definition of each of the identified groups of terminals.
 +
 +
==Russian experience in Dry Ports creation==
 +
 +
Russian rear terminals are not always fit the definitions of foreign sources. First, because no well-developed infrastructure of cities. Second, because of inconsistent customs, transport companies and terminal owners. In Europe, the cause of delays at the container terminal is waiting for the arrival of his receiver, while in Russia, the containers in a significant number of cases are idle waiting for the customs service. [10]
 +
 +
Rules governing the use of technology with the introduction of the rear of the terminal, the requirements for market participants and the pattern of interaction between them and Customs in Russia have been introduced recently. Thus, the Order of the FCS of Russia from March 18, 2010 N 510 "On Approval of the Procedure of customs operations with the goods at arrival in the customs territory of the Russian Federation in the ports and their movement from point of arrival in temporary storage" is registered by Ministry of Justice of Russia only April 23, 2010 registration number 16991. Said document came into force on 29 July 2010. In particular, the order provides that the operator of the marine terminal must simultaneously be the founder of the rear of the terminal, or to have a rear terminal service agreement for the temporary storage of the goods. [11] The order of the project logistics terminal is possible, if the sea port and the temporary storage warehouse located in the region of one customs office or customs. This item is a key to the realization of "seamless" interaction technologies sea port to the rear terminal. A new procedure simplifies the technology transfer of goods from one point to another. According to the Russian regulatory requirements, of all container terminals serving the Port of St. Petersburg, Novorossiysk, Vladivostok only "Logistics Terminal" can be considered a rear terminal. It is the only terminal for which geography has changed the customs authorities - port and terminal included in the service area of ​​one customs - Baltic Customs St Petersburg. Thus, the rest of the rear terminals, new and existing, will complement the list of the Russian rear terminals in the future.
 +
 +
==Construction factors for Dry Ports==
 +
 +
Given Russian and foreign experience factors of rear terminals were divided into three groups, among which, operational factors are the main driving force. Next, in order of importance, to determine the economic and environmental faktory.Stroitelstvo rear container terminals relevant in the growing container flows in the absence of the possibility of extensive development of ports. Development of berthing the seaport may be limited geographical features of its location. For example, the largest trade port in southern Russia, Novorossiysk, is surrounded by the mountains of the North Caucasus. For the ports of St. Petersburg and Vladivostok characteristic arrangement of the main areas within the social and urban development, which is why the problem of lack of free coastal areas is a challenge. [12]
 +
 +
 +
Rear terminals are widely used abroad, their services are in high demand - the movement of accelerated container trains that pick up cargo from the ports to inland areas, carried out on a regular schedule. A well-developed network of rear terminals is a sign of the effective functioning of major ports. However, to maintain the largest container ports in Russia, the network has not yet been created. Construction of rear terminals hampered by a lack of sufficient transport infrastructure development and optimal algorithm to customs operations. Lack of support for the construction of rear terminals constrains development to examine the Russian sea ports. [13]
 +
 +
Construction of rear terminals is a key trend in the development of foreign ports. Seven years ago, the U.S. had more than 570 rear terminals in Europe - more than 200. [14] By the beginning of 2009 in India, they also approached 200. [15]
==References==
==References==

Revision as of 04:31, 24 September 2012

Russian: Железнодорожный сухой порт

Contents

Terminology

The "dry port" - terminal located outside the boundaries of the port area, the associated uniform technology handling; "Dry Port" offers services to deliver goods to the ship / port to the destination without going through the stage of "port" as a separate stage of the carriage; Typically, specialty dry port - container cargo.

The UN Economic Commission for Europe [1] defines the rear of temporary storage, which is synonymous with the term rear terminal. Rear temporary storage - is any complex of buildings public, which does not fit the definition of a port or airport, but the state has a certain status, and a set of stationary equipment to provide the service for handling and temporary storage of cargo (including containers), which are delivered by customs control in its territory appropriate modes of inland surface transport to perform the services (storage, customs clearance, temporary admission, re-export, temporary storage for domestic transit and export), controlled by the competent customs agencies. According to [2], the rear terminal is characterized by development of a railway approach and a range of services that are provided to the customer at the same level as in the seaport.

The first use of the term "dry" port in the context of intermodal transport has appeared in scientific journals in 1986 [3] and industry journals on transport in 1980. [4] It took almost 20 years to interest in the subject was revived, not only among researchers, but also politicians who are actively seeking solutions to reduce the environmental impact of the growing containerization. [5]

Why to create "dry ports"?

Feasibility of establishing a modern intermodal terminals, or "dry" ports brings increased reliability continental access to seaports, creating an environment of interacting participants in the transport chain, and society in general. The problem of intermodal terminals has been studied by many researchers, who operated on different definitions during its consideration. So, Tsamboulas and Dimitropulos [6], as well as Höltgen [7] used in their work the term "anchor cargo terminal." However, whatever the lexical variation to identify intermodal terminals are not used (Germany - "Gueterverkehrszentren", France - "plateformes multimodales logistiques", England - "freight villages", Italy - "interporti") describes the concept was similar. These terminals provide a transfer from one mode of transport to another and incorporate warehouses, customs structures, repair shops, insurance offices. Depending on the set of services in the transport sector intermodal terminals are used under different names. In [8] in order to eliminate congestion at marine terminals is considering creating a "satellite" terminal for the storage of containers. In [9], the author of the study of intermodal terminals in Europe, sought to fulfill their classification and to give a universal definition of each of the identified groups of terminals.

Russian experience in Dry Ports creation

Russian rear terminals are not always fit the definitions of foreign sources. First, because no well-developed infrastructure of cities. Second, because of inconsistent customs, transport companies and terminal owners. In Europe, the cause of delays at the container terminal is waiting for the arrival of his receiver, while in Russia, the containers in a significant number of cases are idle waiting for the customs service. [10]

Rules governing the use of technology with the introduction of the rear of the terminal, the requirements for market participants and the pattern of interaction between them and Customs in Russia have been introduced recently. Thus, the Order of the FCS of Russia from March 18, 2010 N 510 "On Approval of the Procedure of customs operations with the goods at arrival in the customs territory of the Russian Federation in the ports and their movement from point of arrival in temporary storage" is registered by Ministry of Justice of Russia only April 23, 2010 registration number 16991. Said document came into force on 29 July 2010. In particular, the order provides that the operator of the marine terminal must simultaneously be the founder of the rear of the terminal, or to have a rear terminal service agreement for the temporary storage of the goods. [11] The order of the project logistics terminal is possible, if the sea port and the temporary storage warehouse located in the region of one customs office or customs. This item is a key to the realization of "seamless" interaction technologies sea port to the rear terminal. A new procedure simplifies the technology transfer of goods from one point to another. According to the Russian regulatory requirements, of all container terminals serving the Port of St. Petersburg, Novorossiysk, Vladivostok only "Logistics Terminal" can be considered a rear terminal. It is the only terminal for which geography has changed the customs authorities - port and terminal included in the service area of ​​one customs - Baltic Customs St Petersburg. Thus, the rest of the rear terminals, new and existing, will complement the list of the Russian rear terminals in the future.

Construction factors for Dry Ports

Given Russian and foreign experience factors of rear terminals were divided into three groups, among which, operational factors are the main driving force. Next, in order of importance, to determine the economic and environmental faktory.Stroitelstvo rear container terminals relevant in the growing container flows in the absence of the possibility of extensive development of ports. Development of berthing the seaport may be limited geographical features of its location. For example, the largest trade port in southern Russia, Novorossiysk, is surrounded by the mountains of the North Caucasus. For the ports of St. Petersburg and Vladivostok characteristic arrangement of the main areas within the social and urban development, which is why the problem of lack of free coastal areas is a challenge. [12]


Rear terminals are widely used abroad, their services are in high demand - the movement of accelerated container trains that pick up cargo from the ports to inland areas, carried out on a regular schedule. A well-developed network of rear terminals is a sign of the effective functioning of major ports. However, to maintain the largest container ports in Russia, the network has not yet been created. Construction of rear terminals hampered by a lack of sufficient transport infrastructure development and optimal algorithm to customs operations. Lack of support for the construction of rear terminals constrains development to examine the Russian sea ports. [13]

Construction of rear terminals is a key trend in the development of foreign ports. Seven years ago, the U.S. had more than 570 rear terminals in Europe - more than 200. [14] By the beginning of 2009 in India, they also approached 200. [15]

References

Personal tools
Our Partners